The
term pneumatic is referred to as using air or similar gas and a
nebulizer is defined as an instrument that converts liquid into fine
spray or mist. Thus, pneumatic nebulizer involves pressurized gas
supply that helps push medication toward the mouth. Compressed gas is
delivered through jet (valve) that creates negative pressure on the
medication tank. The solution (medicine) to be aerosolized is first
introduced in the gas stream and then sheared into a liquid film.
This liquid film is unstable which rapidly breaks the solution into
droplets due to the surface tension created by the tank wall. A
baffle is placed in the aerosol stream, which helps in the formation
of small particles and recycling the large particles to medication
tank.
Pneumatic
nebulizers are the most common type of nebulizers used by patients.
These are suitable for almost all kinds of medication. Moreover,
these are easy to handle and less expensive compared to other
nebulizers (ultrasonic, mesh). Thus, the factors mentioned above
drive the growth of the global pneumatic nebulizers market. Pneumatic
nebulizers are further segmented into vented pneumatic nebulizers and
breath-actuated pneumatic nebulizers.
Vented
pneumatic nebulizers use two similar one-way valves which prevent the
loss of aerosol in the environment. At the time of inhalation, the
respiratory valve opens and gas vents through the nebulizer. During
exhalation, the gas passes through another tube present in the mouth
of the patient. Usage of two similar one-way valves reduces the risk
of contamination as the patient does not exhale into the reservoir.
Vented nebulizers are designed to release higher quantity of aerosol
during inhalation. These nebulizers are compatible with almost all
kinds of compressors and reduce the formation of waste in the tube.
In addition, less pressure is required for drug delivery, which makes
it more suitable for all age groups. This above mentioned factor
accentuates the global market demand of vented pneumatic nebulizer.
Breath-actuated
pneumatic nebulizers increase the aerosol drug delivery by generating
aerosol at the time of inhalation. These devices produce aerosol only
when the patient inhales. Thus, the drug is continuously being
aerosolized, loss of drug is less and delivery is more efficient.
There are three types of mechanisms used in breath-actuated pneumatic
nebulizer drug delivery: manual breath-actuated, mechanical
breath-actuated and microprocessor breath-actuated. Manual
breath-actuated mechanism involves the thumb control regulation of
aerosol production during inhalation and exhalation. Mechanical
breath-actuated mechanism uses a valve that controls aerosol
production during inhalation. This mechanism eliminates the
utilization of storage bag or tank. Microprocessor breath-actuated
nebulizer uses a compressor actuated by an electronic circuit which
controls aerosol production during inhalation.
Breath-actuated
pneumatic nebulizers reduce drug wastage at the time of delivery and
are more efficient compared to vented nebulizers. Thus, all the
factors mentioned above collectively drive the demand for
breath-actuated pneumatic nebulizers. However, technological
complications, loss of medication in the spray chamber during
delivery associated with pneumatic nebulizers would restrict the
overall market growth during the study period.
North
America and Europe dominates the global market of pneumatic
nebulizers due to rising prevalence of various respiratory disorders
(asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
and increasing geriatric population. Furthermore, government
initiatives drive the pneumatic nebulizers market in North America
and Europe. Asia-Pacific is considered as an emerging market due to
growing market penetration in this region. Asian market growth will
be fuelled by the presence of untapped opportunities due to extensive
increase in the healthcare infrastructure (healthcare cost,
healthcare facility and healthcare budget). Rest of the world (RoW)
holds fourth position in the global pneumatic nebulizers market due
to poor economic and health condition in most of the African
countries.
Various
key players contributing the global market share of pneumatic
nebulizers includes Allied Healthcare Products, Inc., CareFusion
Corporation, GE Healthcare Ltd., PARI Respiratory Equipment Inc. and
Omron Healthcare, Inc.
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